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  1. 21121956

    Hydraulic Turbine Wicket Gates

    Hello everybody: Even though I know that it is a rare or strange query, I find myself in the painful situation of asking a simple question: do any of you know about the existence of a reaction hydraulic turbine (Francis or Kaplan), which has Guide Vanes (Wicket Gates) of two different types...
  2. 21121956

    PTFE (Teflon) bearings

    Hello everybody: Ever since the 1970's, the use of PTFE faced pads in large vertical axis hydro-generators was pioneered in Russia and China, prompted by a series of failures of conventional Babbitt-faced bearings. At present, I have heard very little about the application of this material...
  3. 21121956

    Hollow Jet Valve discharge

    Hello everybody: In the dam of a hydroelectric plant there is a pipe to discharge the ecological flow. See Figure 1. The entrance to that pipe is at an elevation of 270 meters above sea level (masl). The maximum water level in the reservoir is 290 masl and the minimum water level is 280 masl...
  4. 21121956

    Loss of material in penstock.

    Hello everybody: In a penstock of a hydroelectric power plant, the problem of corrosion of the outer face of the pipe arises, just as it is no longer embedded in the concrete at the entrance of the spiral case. The pipe is UNI 7070-72 S355J EN10025. The diameter of the pipe is 3,250 mm and the...
  5. 21121956

    Sliding gates in a bottom outlet

    Hello everybody: Sliding gates or bureau have been installed in a dam bottom outlet, with a working head of 70 meters. For reasons of filling the reservoir, in the opinion of the owner of the project it is necessary to have these gates available to discharge, if necessary, and thus regulate the...
  6. 21121956

    Overload test in a traveling crane

    Hello everybody: In a hydroelectric power plant, the overhead traveling crane used for the assembly of turbines, generator and auxiliaries was not commissioned with overload, only was made the test with the nominal capacity. Today, two years later, there is a legal claim for that fact. The...
  7. 21121956

    Welding with different Codes

    Hello everybody: Here goes my query: John is qualified by ASME Section IX to weld in 6G (enabling him to weld in ALL positions). He is currently welding a penstock in a hydroelectric project. Peter is qualified by AWS D1.1 and is currently welding a radial (Tainter) gate at the same hydro...
  8. 21121956

    Power Point presentations

    Hello everybody: For some years I have given (with the help of power point) conferences on technical issues to engineers and electromechanical technicians. After the presentations I have given the attendees in print the thumbnails of the slides. At present, acting as a mentor, I have been...
  9. 21121956

    Efficiency Tests of Hydraulic Gates for Hydropower Plants

    Hello everybody: A friend has asked me to provide information on efficiency tests of hydraulic gates for hydropower plants (radial or Tainter, vertical lift) and stoplogs. For me it is the first time I hear about this subject. Can any of the Forum members give me a hand with their comments...
  10. 21121956

    Intake gates: upstream or downstream seals?

    Hello everybody: In hydroelectric power plants it is customary to use vertical lift with fixed wheels gates in the intake. For this question the answers are divided. There are arguments that give advantages and disadvantages for each case. What do you think in the forum? Thank you for your...
  11. 21121956

    Re-Galvanizing

    Hello everybody: You may think that this question is silly; but we certainly are facing a dilemma. As shown in the photograph, tens of hundreds of these bolts, nuts and washers are to fix supports of solar panels. They are galvanized (or were galvanized). At this time, a Contractor has been...
  12. 21121956

    Water instead of fuel oil used as dead volume?

    Hello everybody: I would like to know if, is it correct to fill with water the dead volume of an above ground Diesel # 2 storage tank?. The dead volume is the portion of the internal volume that is out of the flow path that goes to the day tank and is not taken into account for inventory...
  13. 21121956

    Lube oil piping material

    Hello everybody: According to the US Army Corps of Engineers, in the design of a hydropower plant for the piping materials of Governor and bearings lubricating oil, circuit breaker and Transformer oil, Transformer oil transfer system pipe, it is specified to use seamless Copper tubing, type K...
  14. 21121956

    Tainter gates hoisting system

    Hello everybody: In a technical paper I read that to hoist the radial gates (Tainter gates) of a project in New Zealand, the engineer decided to use a special rope, made of synthetic material instead of using wire rope hoist or chain hoist. The special rope is Dynex, fabricated in Iceland. I...
  15. 21121956

    Hydro Generators: Braking Systems

    Hello everybody: In some hydroelectric plants, AC generators have two braking systems: a pneumatic (used as principal) and an electrical braking (used as backup). It is obvious the purpose of specifying an electrical braking system as backup but, what approach is followed in the power plants...
  16. 21121956

    Hydro Generators: braking systems

    Hello everybody: In some hydroelectric plants, AC generators have two braking systems: a pneumatic (used as principal) and an electrical braking (used as backup). It is obvious the purpose of specifying an electrical braking system as backup but, what approach is followed in the power plants...
  17. 21121956

    Design of Hydraulic Steel Gates.

    Hello everybody: In a general manner, a normal procedure for the design of hydraulic steel gates is by performing, as a first stage, a hand computational design and then, a software based design, by building up a 3-D model for the gate. In one word: Design by hand and check with software...
  18. 21121956

    Grouting holes plugs

    Hello everybody: For steel liner of pressure shaft, power tunnels, bottom outlets, etc. in hydroelectric power plants, it is usually indicated to use steel plates conforming to ASTM A-572, Grade 50. After completion of skin, contact and consolidation grouting, the grouting nozzle holes are...
  19. 21121956

    Hydraulic gates: bolts and nuts

    Hello everybody: In the Technical Specifications (for different plants) for gates of a hydroelectric plant, with respect to the seal plates and screws and lock nuts can be read: Case a. Bolts for J seals: type 304 Stainless Steel, ASTM A 320. Nuts for J seals: stainless steel A 194 (Armco...
  20. 21121956

    Hydrostatic test for a Steel Penstock

    Hello everybody: For a small hydroelectric Project is planned the manufacture of a welded steel penstock, according to ASME Section IX code. In the Technical Specifications of the Contract it is established that, at the end of the construction of the penstock, the hydrostatic pressure test...

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