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  • Users: ozziz
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  1. ozziz

    Why uses ETAB or SAP2000

    If ETAB and SAP2000 is produced by same company why 2 different softwares? whay don't they emerged into one. The reason I am asking is can I also use ETAB to design a medium span portal frame? What would be the difference in output? I was shown the steel design output is very brief - just a...
  2. ozziz

    Building Expansion joints in Middle East

    What is the normal or range of building expansion joint spacing in Middle East espcially in Saudi Arabia? Is it governed by the building code? I was told that the building expansion joints are much closer than in the normal practice found in other parts of the work due to extreme variation in...
  3. ozziz

    Load transfer in steel box beam

    I have a 3 ft deep steel box beam slotted into a steel tubular column. How is the load from the beam being transfer to the column? Is the load being carried by the side plates of the box beam or the bottom flange to the pipe column? Some recommended a half round pipe at the slot to reduce the...
  4. ozziz

    Lateral loads on immature concrete

    Appreciate views,information and opinions on immature concrete subject to lateral loads. The contractor has to install steel tubular piles for construction of wharf into rock sockets. The concrete specfied is 40 MPa at 28 days strength. The contract calls for the piles to be temporary braced...
  5. ozziz

    Releasing of temporary bracing to marine piles

    In a project, it is specficed that all 1200mm dia marine steel tubular piles in 18m deep of water had to be temporary braced and can only be released before installation of the steel roadway frames. All the steel piles are directly socketed into rock and grouted with 40 MPa concrete. There is no...
  6. ozziz

    Berthing orientation based on initial wind direction

    Just a question on the recommended berthing direction for jetty. I see most of the berthing jetties are lined parallel to the shoreline. Suppose, a berthing jetty is to be built on the east side of a small island and the wind is blow from north to south for 6 months and then reverse for the...
  7. ozziz

    Steel Section subject to combined forces & moments

    I have a RAIL girder sitting on top of a steel stump/pedestral which can be a closed or built up I section. This steep stump or pedestral is subjected to longitudinal, transverse, compression forces, in plane, out plane and torsional bending due to a moving and lifting machine on top of the Rail...
  8. ozziz

    ko for culvert wing wall and bridge winged abutment

    Retaining structures like culvert wing walls and bridge winged abutments are restrained at the base and side which reduce the movement of soil. Therefore should the coefficient of soil presure used be Ko instead of Ka? Also is there any publication or research paper which relates the...
  9. ozziz

    concrete corrosion in partial saturated condition

    Hi, Appreciate if anyone has knowledge or where information on concrete corrosion in partial saturated condition. See, I have a retaining wall subjected to sea tides. When the tide is low, the outside wall will be dried. But it is protected with 2 layers of epoxy coatings. Unfortunately, the...
  10. ozziz

    pipe saddle & ring

    In ASCE Penstock design of pipe saddle, a circumferetial welded ring with support is required.But when look into any pipe supplier or manufacturer's booklet, this cirumferetial ring is not required. The pipeline sits on top of the concrete pad. Where can I get references for the design of this 2...
  11. ozziz

    lateral pile design using structural program and Lpile

    What is the difference in using structural programs to model lateral piles subject to lateral loads using spring stiffness in the structural programs and specific pile programs like LPILE, MPILE and PIGLET? Why the need to invest in another software like LPILE or PIGLET when one can use a...
  12. ozziz

    soil nails and rock bolts

    am design a vertical shotcrete wall 8m or 26ft deep. For the first 2m (6 ft), I encounter soil and below weathered rock to fairly sound rock at 8m. I am just confused over the followings. 1. Difference between soil nails and rock bolts as I am using SNAIL program procedures. Both have bearing...
  13. ozziz

    ko or ka values?

    I understand we use ko (presure at rest) values if the wall is rigid. I have a solder piles (king piles) propped at both ends. As the piles is not stiff, the soil behind will move and hence ka value is adopted. But later pile will not deflect. In this case, should I used ko? If the pile is...
  14. ozziz

    Soil Nail Head

    Hi, This is more of a construction question on the installation of the soil nail. Many references call out for the shotcreting of the soil nail wall to be carried out in 2 stages. The first stage is shotcrete until the base plate. Then snug tight the nail bolt and second stage is another...
  15. ozziz

    Enhancing slope stability using piles

    We have piles supporting a bridge abutment. The batter slope for the abutment is 1V to 1H and FOS = 1.4. merely based on Slope Stability analysis excluding piles. In real life situations, will those bridge abutment piles help to increase the slope stability. Rather to implement other forms of...
  16. ozziz

    Deflection due to creep

    Can anyone help me on this question. Based on monitoring & observation, it was found that when a pre-tensioned beam upon releasing the strands, it will hog due to uneven prestessing force. It will continue to hog upwards due to the sustain stressing acting upon it over a period of time over 60...
  17. ozziz

    Elastromeric bearings

    Can anyone recommend any books or papers for the design of elastromeric bearings for bridge girders?
  18. ozziz

    Piglet Program

    In the PIGLET program, it calls for Modulus of equivalent solid piles (axial) & (lateral). Q. Is what is this equivalent solid piles and how to calculate? Q. Is there a website to download the PIGLET manual or how to obtain a copy. Thanks

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