In my experience there is a disconnect between materials theory:
which discusses material properties in terms of dislocation movement, grain structures (Austenite, ferrite, HCP etc.), thermal history, etc.
and materials practice which talks in terms of standards which give you macro properties...
Consider the following situation.
A 20" sch 120 main pipe fitted with a 16" sch 120 branch pipe using a weldolet. Should the weldolet to main pipe prep. be fully welded out?
I have seen many connections made in this way on several plants and I regularly find the weldolet to main pipe...
