Is there a standard conversion for calculating equivalent lumens in terms of wattage of different types of lighting, particularly Metal Halide, to that of LED light?
I am a T&D planning engineer for an electric utility.
I am doing bench marking/ cross referencing involving different utility practice for planning distribution facilities.
From my previous experience, our subtransmission system (115 kV) is looped while our distribution system (34.5 kV or 13.8...
Is there a standard requirement for determining the quantity of back-up fuel required in a power plant?
We are planning to build a 500 MW STG plant that will run on HFO380 as main fuel with ALCO as back-up.
We have identified the fuel requirement per day to be about 3500 m3 per day and planned...
Our existing generation is connected to a main 115 kV swithcyard (1 1/2 breaker scheme). The same 115 kV switchyard is connected to 2-ITT upstream to 380 KV switchyard (1 1/2 breaker) where 2 inter-tie line connects our system to a much bigger system.
We are planning to put up an expansion...
Consider having a power system with generating capacity of about 1000MW and peak load of about 700 MW. COnsider it interlinked into a bigger system with. Power system studies identified the limit of power transfer (import/export) to be about 100MW. If there is a plan to install additional...
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I'd like to know how does frequency affect the long term performance of a transformer bushing. Our system is 60hz but we have a polymer transformer bushing which is apparently rated 50hz. Is the effect significant?
CK
I'd like to know why is it not usual for power transformers to be specified with short circuit rating. Our specification includes only the short circuit withstand capability which is normally the 2s duration of the short circuit symmetrical current available from the transformer which is...
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For a 115kV/34.5k/13.8 kV 3-wdg power XFs, what should be the minimum insulation level of the 13.8 kV wdg if:
a. Unloaded tertiary, with no leads taken out
b. Tertiary shall be loaded, either via station service or capacitor for system improvement.
Note that tertiary is not corner...
I've read a technical article indicating the allowable Short term flicker severity should be 1.0 and the long term flicker severity should be 0.8. Short term is measured over 10 minutes while long term is suppose to be derived from 2 hours of the short term flicker. Does this 1.0 and 0.8...
Could anyone please direct me to what standard (e.g. IEEE, IEC, etc.) does the reactive power is defined? Better if anyone could give the "exact, word for word" definition of Reactive Power as stated by the any of these standard definitions.
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We have been using 3-phase, 3-wdg power transformers connected YG-YG-D, with voltage ratings of 115/34.5/13.8 kV and capacity of 83MVA...Our standard now is to use the tertiary winding only as a stabilizing winding, with one point of the delta grounded...
However, we are planning...
Hello!
Does anyone have any experience on the use or application of Three-Phase Vacuum Reclosers for capacitor bank switching? What are the key points that need to be address to be able to do this. I read an article about CEMIG (Brazil) being able to use such 3P vacuum reclosers for their...
Good day to all!!!
One turnkey project agreement by our company and one worldwide recognize power/engineering company involved the use of bentonite in 115 kV UG lines. These lines are inside the substation and would connect the 115 kV transmission lines outside to the primary of the power...
I would like to ask if anyone had personal experience in taking a power transformer (PXF) offline for a time. If there are any consequences which could be harmful to the life and efficiency of the PXF. And what could be done to maintain its integrity while offline.
I have seen a thread on...
I remember participating in a discussion sometime in Aug 2003 regarding paralleling transformer (see thread238-68183)...I'm doing a study now on technical loss...I have come to the issue of circulating current in parallel XFs...circulatin current (Ic) arises due to difference in the turns ration...
Does anyone know the correlation between conductor load current and would be resulting temperature? I am actually more interested in the approximate resistance of a particular conductor at a particular load current. From T&D handbook, the temperature effect on dc resistance of a conductor is...
How does the aging of power system equipments, such as power transformers and conductors, affect its loss? Are there any correlation between age and loss?
I would like to know if anybody have experience with the Covered Conductor (CC)installation at 34.5 kV distribtion system. CC is the more general term use to call conductors with partial insulation covering, usually with XLPE with or without UV protected HDPE, that can withstand transient...
