We have a level measurement problem that seems trivial but until now no valuable solution has been found. We need to measure the level in a small glass reactor (jacketed) of 20 L (diam. 20 cm, height 70cm). The reactor has filterplate at the bottom. Solvent (DMF) is pumped in the reactor at the...
We have a small reactor with a filter element in the bottom. The reactor is working at atmospheric pressure. The reaction mixture is a suspension. During reaction the liquid part of the suspension is pumped by a gear pump from the filter (reactor) outlet back to the top of the reactor. The flow...
How can the solvolysis of esters be avoided? We are actually performing reactions in DMF at room temperature with functionalized carboxylic acid esters. The ester function has to stay intact. However, some of the ester is hydrolyzed. We know that DMF (polar solvent) enhances the formation of the...
Having read several articles about microwave assisted chemical reactions, it is not completely clear for me whether the reactions are not just enhanced by the temperature increase provoked by the microwave irradiation, or is there really a pure microwave effect? In other words, would this...
I am looking for the water-toluene azeotrope composition at reduced pressures for which the mixture boils at mbareratures below 40°C (e.g. 50 mbar and 100 mbar. Can anyone help me?
