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  1. tc7

    Curious Question About Flitch Beam Design

    I have an upcoming residential project that may require a stack of LVL's or perhaps a steel flitch beam configuration to replace a bearing wall spanning ~16 feet or so. To prepare, I've read as much of the available internet literature that I could find including the ubiquitous Destefano...
  2. tc7

    Compression Testers and Schrader Valve Location

    This question regards engine compression testers and the effect Schrader valve location has on accuracy of compression readings. Background: typical automotive shop style compression testers consist of a pressure gauge attached to a flexible tube (typical ~16-inches long) with an adapter at its...
  3. tc7

    NBIC Applicable to Building Services Steam Piping ?

    Do the NBIC rules of Part 3 for repair apply to low pressure steam distribution piping for heating systems in commercial buildings? Background: The building is equipped with a steam boiler rated at 150psig; the pressure is reduced and conducted into the piping system at 9psig. We are sure...
  4. tc7

    B31.1 Piping Code - Hydro Test Required ?

    The application I have is to replace a couple of drain lines and a blow down line that empty into an exhaust pit. In one case I have a drain line that services a steam system operating at 540psig. This 540 drain line (happens to be 1-inch line) tees into a 4-inch blow down line which services a...
  5. tc7

    ASME IX Brazing Procedure Qualification: Tension Testing Question

    Code brazing questions are few and far between on this site but here is one that hopefully can attract some interest. Brazing procedure to be qualified IAW ASME Section IX; Production joint will be a socket type with a 70/30 CUNI tube inserted into steel couplings; Tube O.D. is .840"; Wall...
  6. tc7

    Moment of Inertia of Weld Groups in 3-axes

    Hello all- We're designing a rather heavy test fixture to suspend and rotate a large mass. The fixture and mass will be rotated very slowly around the horizontal Z-axis and tilted fore and aft around the X-axis while we "operate" on our mass (all motions are slow enough and do not impart...
  7. tc7

    GTAW 304SS to 410SS w/o preheat & w/o PWHT

    I have the unfortunate job of field repairing equipment that involves 302/304 threaded fasteners that were originally GTAW welded to a 410 base plate (the base plate was originally heat treated to HRC35-40). The attached fasteners need to be removed and replaced. All guidance I have seen so...
  8. tc7

    Section IX/B31.3 PQR using P-51; question on ôsupplementaryö

    Hello All, I rarely work under Section 9, so please have patience. An upcoming job requires full penetration butt welds on 4-inch NPS Sched 10 pipe for a hot water application and the designers have applied B31.3 “normal” service criteria. In my file I have a procedure for GTAW on P-51 which...
  9. tc7

    Why is Aluminum Welding so Vulnerable to Porosity But Steel Welds Are Not ?

    To beat posrosity in our aluminum welds (primarily GTAW), we take extraordinary measures to clean the plates, rod, strctly adhere to procedures, avoid welding in high humidity conditions (when possible), pay exhobitantly for UHP argon and helium, use mild preheat and clean, clean, clean, etc...
  10. tc7

    Standard Catalog Bearing Quality

    Hello all- How can I determine bearing quality and what ABEC precision level applies to standard catalog bearings? For instance I am replacing several motor bearings that had double sealed Fafnir numbers which now cross over to #88506. The 88506 is available from NUMEROUS manufacturers, but...
  11. tc7

    B31.1 Allowable Pipe Butt Misalignment

    Hello- B31.1(2012) Fig 127.3 shows a 1/16" offset between abutting pipe ends and para 127.3(c) states that alignment greater than 1/16" apart need to be trimmed. It is not clear to me if this 1/16" offset is permissible on opposite sides of an I.D. or only a single side. In other words, may the...
  12. tc7

    B31.1 Guidance - Welding In The Proximity of Existing Pipe Butt Welds

    Hello- My situation requires rerouting an existing pipe run. The application uses high pressure pipe, ASTM A106 Grade A, schedule 80, 6-inch NPS and ASME B16.9 wrought fittings and ASTM A105 forged flanges. The pipe arrangement requires that cuts to the existing pipe be very close to...
  13. tc7

    Calculate Strength Equivalence Between CJP Weld and a Partial Penetration w/Reinf Fillet?

    My requirement is to weld 4" x4" aluminum angles in a T-joint formation with full penetration welds. See attachment. The joint must pass a stringent x-ray requirement. Through many, many atempts with GTAW, GMAW, adjusting bevel angles and trying every other conceivable full penetration joint...
  14. tc7

    Calculating Individual Flows of 2 Gasses Mixed in a Manifold.

    This question relates to a welding problem, but more accurately, it is a gas flow problem that I ask for advice on. I am connecting an argon tank and a helium tank together with a Y-pipe connection and at this Y-pipe the gasses mix and flow to the welding torch. Both the argon tank and the...
  15. tc7

    Section VII Div 1 RT Reqt For Full Penetration Weld ??

    Hello all- We have a necked style flange welded to the spherical head of a pressure vessel (design pressure 1000psi). The pressure vessel is not a code stamped item and is unique to a test site, but we are treating it as a Section VIII Div 1 code vessel anyway. The flange is an ASTM A105...
  16. tc7

    PWHT for Section VIII Div 1, P-4 and P-44; Little Coaching Please.

    Developing a weld procedure to clad inconel to a cast steel. The casting is an SB-517 Grade WC5 which I know to be a P-No.4 material. The inconel cladding will be C-276, which in wire form is similar to spec SB-574, but the welding product form is AWS 5.11 Type ENiCrMo-4. The SB-574 spec...
  17. tc7

    Theory Of Marquenching?

    We recently experienced a serious cracking issue on a weldment made with an aircraft quality 4340. After stress relieving our weldment, the heat treater then normalized it, then went into a subcritical anneal, austenized in endothermic atmosphere and oil quenched. Then double tempered it. Our...
  18. tc7

    The Mystery of ASTM A487 Grade 4 Pressure Service Castings

    Table 1 of ASTM Grade 4 Class A, B, C, D pressure service castings all indicate the same required heat treatment: Austenize at 1600?F, Media: air or liquid Quenching Cool Below 500°F Tempering Temperature: 1150°F Question 1: There seems to be some steps missing, such as a. holding time at...
  19. tc7

    Bending AISI 4340 To A Tight Radius

    We will need to bend 1” thick 4340 normalized bar stock through a 5/8” inside radius. Later in the process, we will be welding on this component and perform a post weld Q&T to increase final strength to ~165-170 uts. I am worried about the initial 5/8” radius bend and by the way the bar is...
  20. tc7

    Load Factors For Rotating & Tilting Fixture Designs

    The background: We just acquired an old, old mechanical positioner that we can use to support, tilt and rotate some very large forgings (valve bodies, gear housings, sheave housings) that we repair by welding. Some of these forgings are oddly shaped and can weigh up to 4000 lbs. The...

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