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  1. Sjotroll

    Tunnel in shallow rock with K>1

    Hello everybody, I have an interesting problem so I'm interested in your takes. It regards constructing a tunnel in rock at shallow depths. As we know, very often the stress ratio, K, in rock is >>1 at shallow depths (in my case 3.6, but same behaviour as described is observed even for K<2)...
  2. Sjotroll

    Theoretical considerations for numerical modeling of cantilever embedded walls.

    EireChch - This is a question specifically aimed to investigate and understand the difficulties in numerically modelling such a structure, it is not tied to any specific embedded wall design. I am aware of the analytical methods, which I too sometimes use. Regarding the different models for...
  3. Sjotroll

    Theoretical considerations for numerical modeling of cantilever embedded walls.

    PEinc: I don't think this is me complicating, it is a problem of practical value to be able to correctly model deformations of any geotechnical structure. Too many times have I seen numerical modeling where the results seem good, but the theory behind them is shaky. It is imperative to know what...
  4. Sjotroll

    Theoretical considerations for numerical modeling of cantilever embedded walls.

    Hi all, please help me understand something. I'm making numerical calculations of a construction pit with cantilever embedded walls in normally consolidated soil. Let us assume that the largest lateral wall movement will occur at the top of the wall. Now, which constitutive models can/should be...
  5. Sjotroll

    Ka for wall retaining layered soil profile with inclined surface

    Hi, I would still use the surface angle. When you have a homogeneous soil layer behind the wall, you calculate one value of Ka which includes the surface angle, and you apply it to all depths. Imagine if you had the same homogeneous layer but you divided it into several "sub-layers" of the same...
  6. Sjotroll

    Pile group interaction factors

    Hello, I'm curious to know what approach you would use in the following situation. Consider you have to design a pile group (vertically loaded) and calculate the bearing capacity and settlement. I know that there are many methods of estimating the group bearing capacity and settlement factors...
  7. Sjotroll

    Reduced design strength of steel section due to shear force

    @centondollar Could you please expand a little more on the two solutions - one to design the section elastically, and the other to design it plastically with the assumptions that the flanges resist the full bending moment? In the first case, if I use the elastic section-modulus then I can...
  8. Sjotroll

    Reduced design strength of steel section due to shear force

    Hi, Eurocode 3 defines that if the design shear force is more than half the design shear resistance, then the combined effect of bending and shear is calculated by considering a reduced design strength. This reduced strength is calculated as fyr = fy × (1-ro). However, this reduction should only...
  9. Sjotroll

    Steady state groundwater flow analyses not converging in Plaxis2D

    Hello, I'm using Plaxis 2D to perform fully coupled flow-deformation analyses. The preliminary step (which plaxis does automatically) to the fully coupled analyses is a simple steady state groundwater flow analysis to generate the steady state pore pressures. In my relatively simple models very...
  10. Sjotroll

    Foundations of a large building on a slope

    Here is a simplified but representative cross section of one part of the building, with sketched layers. As you can see, the footings are placed all on the same depth, and far below the floor level in some cases. The most concerning part is the footing on the rightmost side because it would mean...
  11. Sjotroll

    Foundations of a large building on a slope

    Hello! I'm currently working on this project where a large building is being constructed on a slope. The static calculations have all been done and our job is to design the construction pit. We noticed on the drawings when looking at a cross section down the slope that all the "parts" of the...
  12. Sjotroll

    Wind turbine shallow foundation reinforcement

    Hello! Me and my colleague are designing a circular shallow foundation for 100 m high wind turbines. We've already done all the stability checks, and are now in the process of designing the required reinforcement. We already did some calculations and found the required reinforcement in the...
  13. Sjotroll

    Assessment of underwater footings on rock

    Hello! I need some suggestions, tips and ideas from someone with experience on assessment of underwater footings on rock. A few days from now I'm going to dive around an old fortress founded on rock. The goal is to assess the condition of the foundations. Since this is the first time I'm...
  14. Sjotroll

    Bracing system for construction pit

    Hello! I'm modelling a bracing system for a construction pit. The system consists of 1) beams all around the pit, attached to sheet piles, 2) bracing beams in the corners and 3) one beam that goes across from one side of the pit to the other. The model is a 2D grid, with joint restraints such...
  15. Sjotroll

    Gravity wall seismic design - inertial force?

    @avscorreia Thank you, this is great information! I wonder though, and I'd like to know, what recommendations do the other standards give and what procedures do engineers from other parts of the world use (I'm from Europe). Eurocode 1998-5 only mentions that those inertial forces should be...
  16. Sjotroll

    Gravity wall seismic design - inertial force?

    Hello! When designing a concrete gravity wall against sliding, overturning and bearing capacity in a seismic design situation by using a pseudo-static analysis, do you take into account the inertial force of the wall, expressed as Fi=W*k (where Fi - inertial force, W - wall self weight, k -...
  17. Sjotroll

    Liquid state of fine grained soil.

    Thanks Okiryu, I will check out both the book and the thread! [thumbsup2]
  18. Sjotroll

    Stabilization of sand dune in seismic zones

    You might do jet grouting or compaction grouting on a certain raster and at a certain angle like you would with nails or anchors to stabilize the slope. By grouting you can achieve higher strength, higher stiffness while also intersecting the slope and stabilizing it, while also stabilizing...
  19. Sjotroll

    Liquid state of fine grained soil.

    @fattdad I did. Sorry but no matter how many times I read it I cannot figure what you wanted to tell me with all that regarding the flow net. Probably I'm missing a connecting piece between my answer and your question. Could you please explain? @Okiryu How would you do this? Is there some...
  20. Sjotroll

    Block Theory - joint blocks with repeated sets in 3D

    Hello, since there is no forum for rock mechanics I'm posting this question here, hopefully it's the right place. The question is theoretical. So there is one thing bothering me with the block theory analysed through the stereographic projection method. For reference, I've been reading the book...

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