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Latexman Sorry but I believe 75% is not the volume fraction at standard condition but at actual condition (lab measurement). Maybe it looks a 9th grade question but sometimes things look obvious but are not. I remember from school that gas composition change with T and P...so what if 75% vol...

Thanks So Zdas says mass fraction and latexman says volume fraction. I need more feedback please @Latex Shall I use volume fraction at standard conditions so?

...by the hydrogen mass fraction or volume fraction? TO me it is clear that Nm3 (standard volume) is a unit of mass and not of volume (standard volume = mass * constant) . So I believe I should multiply by mass fraction. Could you please share your opinion ? @Lionel_Sheiko /...

Good day, I am researching the EN ISO equivalent to: API 650: storage tanks API 2000: atmospheric storage tanks API 560: fired heaters API 660: shell and tube heat exchangers API 661: air-cooled heat exchangers API 674: positive displacement pumps, reciprocating API 675: positive displacement...

Thanks Discussing with the reliability guy, I have learnt that PAL and PSLL on discharge side aims at limiting flowrate above 10-20% of BEP. In fact, only PT were available on currect pumps when decision to install additionnal safety loops has been taken. So the choice to install PSLL instead...

Hello everyone I was wondering if there is any standard or recommended practice regarding typical alarms and trips to be implemented around centrifugal pumps? The reason is: in the refinery I am working in, I see plenty of alarms and trips that I don't see the purpose. For exemple, on pumps...

Ione thanks but I am not talking about fouling factors. I do know what it is. Please read srfish answer to understand what I mean. @Lionel_Sheiko / geniechimiquefacile.com

Guys I have an additionnal question if you allow me. During the design stage of a new heat exchanger, temperature cross (hot outlet minus cold outlet is negative) means low F which in turns means that some part of the surface is useless (no heat transfer). so why during operation (once the...

Thanks But it's not MY success.. I have just noticed that (the only one unfortunately). @Lionel_Sheiko / geniechimiquefacile.com

Thanks Dale Do you mean a decrease of F means better performances? @Lionel_Sheiko / geniechimiquefacile.com

Additionnal data: C = crude D = diesel I = in O = out M = mass flowrate Cp = specific heat Before shutdown: Tci = 152C Tco = 205C Tdi = 280C Tdo = 219C Mc = 47.5 t/h Md = 37.9 t/h CPc = 0.62 CPd = 0.68 After shutdown: Tci = 143C Tco = 207C Tdi = 272C Tdo = 186C Mc = 45.7 t/h Md = 32.8 t/h CPc...

Hello The performance of one of our shell and tube heat exchanger has changed in a significant manner. The service is crude oil in the tubes and diesel in the shell. It has 1 shell pass and 4 tubes passes. Tube side equipped with turbotal Surface is 197 m2. Before a shut down, performance...

Books by Norman Lieberman for sure. @Lionel_Sheiko / geniechimiquefacile.com

Max. allowable backpressure = 1.21*MAWP - Pset for fire case Max. allowable backpressure = 1.10*MAWP - Pset for non-fire cases "We don't believe things because they are true, things are true because we believe them."

Hi, This is not a student question at all. It is such an important subject that Norman Lieberman has devoted a whole chapter about this in his new book "Process Equipment Malfunctions". The main reason for the discrepancy between the real level and the level gauge indication is density. In...

Not a so dumb question. The boiling/saturation curve is P vs T. So you can't define a boiling point temperature without the associated pressure. If the boiling point of pure ethylene is 104 degC at atm pressure, then it will change state (liquid to vapor) at that temperature at the atm pressure...

Thanks. I have seen such calibration tables and I have noticed they include many correction factors for density, roof, etc... I was then wondering if it exists any ASTM, API or ISO standards that define and harmonize such corrections. "We don't believe things because they are true, things are...

Dear members, I need to know the industry standards that deal with the calculation of tank volume based on the level in the tank, and the procedure to correct that volume from temperature effect, roof type,...? Thanks in advance. "We don't believe things because they are true, things are true...

mkh012, 25362 has already given you the effectiveness as %. Read his post more carefully. "We don't believe things because they are true, things are true because we believe them."

Thanks TD2K, The problem is that, in my refinery, everybody believe that increasing the H2 content (by lowering the catalytic reformer operating pressure BTW) is good to reduce the consumption of combustibles. So, is that true? "We don't believe things because they are true, things are true...