NPT is National Pipe Thread as compared to SAE or Metric threads. Needless to say they are different so the hole must fit the fitting. Or the reverse:)
My 99 turbo diesel transfer case has a clutch similar to an AC clutch that gets the front driveshaft spinning before the thermal front axle engages. Thermal unit burned out long ago and is now a manual operation and being in four low without front axle engaged makes for better sharp turns...
The 2,4 8- 71 diesels need blower intake. They are basically two stroke with cylinder ports for exhaust and poppet valve for intake in the head. As the piston reaches bottom of stroke it uncovers the exhaust port and shortly after the intake poppet valve opens pushing the exhaust gases out then...
Almost everything in life is a compromise and conrod length is no exception. Longer = more time trying to push the crank out the bottom---shorter = more time trying to push the piston through the cylinder wall. :)
Since the lowest point of the vehicle is the ground and everything else is above the ground, the weight shift will occur. Front wheel drive included. Engine rotation may try to bend the frame but weight transfer will still occur.
To me the photo of the gasket suggests that it was damaged either prior or during installation. The clamped surface looks straight but the gasket is pushed out at the rear as if it were hanging on a nail and pulled off. Suggestion: Cut the heads off the old studs/bolts and use them as guide pins...
It is much cheaper to take a little too much from the pinion gear housing and shim the pinion than to get it 'just right' and not be able to use a given pinion gear set. Now where did I leave that tube of prussian blue?