I suspect that a lot of people haven't realised that the gussets are also acting as splices in the chords.
Looking at the published calcs, we see that the compression diagonal at U10 is designed to carry 2288kips at less than 22ksi giving a sectional area of at least 104 sq.inch. Scaled flange...
Having spent most of my working life with steel railway bridges, I have seen a number of "ratings" of the types above and all seem to be trying to link a risk of failure to a cost of restoring the bridge to a near-new condition - it can't be done with consistency. The reality is that SOME well...
Unfortunately "deck" gets used in two different senses. One is what the cars drive on. The other is the relationship between the main girders or trusses and the load-carrying roadway. With deck spans the roadway (or railway) is supported on top of the steelwork.
Where the roadway goes between...
suggest you talk to Huck for details and clarification but there are Huck fasteners considered by various codes to be equivalent to "high strength friction grip bolts" in both properties and application.
also, one should realise that the sole function of a large portion of rivets is to stitch...
If you are replacing rivets with huck bolts (or other A325 bolts) you are stuck with the existing hole locations and if some code criteria are not satisfied 100% you have to be a bit pragmatic especially when you remember that the clamping force in a fully tightened A325 (or equivalent) is a lot...
if you want to go down the plastic cap line, chase up 'radolid' http://www.apsonline.com/radolid.html
They are neat, weather-resistant, quite positive in locking and come in a good range of sizes.
Huck bolts have been used to give a good rivet-like appearance on one side. Other side...
cooperDBM (oct 3) has said much the same as I have. Regardless of details, the failure appears to have been that of an unreinforced area of concrete being subject to significant tensile forces.
In many (most) design situations, concrete is assumed to have no ability to carry tension but in...
Whenever there is a disaster, whether you are down here in Australia, in North America or anywhere else you have a lot of people jumping to all sorts of conclusions which is a pity because aspertions are cast on many innocent people.
From what I can see from photos and (to some extent) guess...
