Yes the value of the settlement is not define. as it is not acceptable but the API mention to do settlement measurement every 5 years ans some aspect 7 years, the problem is causing oval of the circularity of the tank and it will be harmful for the floating roof tank but in case of fixed roof...
You have to design by both static and dynamic. The main problem of the dynamic for riser is the vortex induced vibration (VIV) which depend on many factors such as the pipe diameter and the length of the pipe which is the distance between two clamps. For startc as usual calculation drag and...
In oil and gas, and power generation projects is more clear and diffenet. The first is the apraise which equal to concept in normal building and then FEED (front end engineering design) which is same as preliminary engineering but in this phase we select every thing in the project and then the...
The safety factor is not for load and there is no dublication. On the past we was perforimg the design by WSD or ASD, so there is no factors and take a factor of safety for steel about Fy/2 and and for concerte aroun 3-5. Now a days we are doing design by LRFD for steel and limit state design in...
The cracks on the top and the concrete have two colors is it orrect, so may be the pouring happened with delay time and there is a different cemenet content. But as usually say do not jump the conclusion. So what is about the temperature in summer and winter and the another question is there a...
