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Recent content by ema157

  1. ema157

    Dead tank high voltage circuit breakers in Europe

    Europe does use hybrid/dead tank compact breakers. These are essentially dead tank breakers with integrated disconnector, earth switch, and VTs. The major EU OEMs all make versions: GE, Siemens Energy, and Hitachi Energy.
  2. ema157

    Experience with Subterranean Transmission Lines (161kV+)

    We have some 220 kV transmission cables. 1. When required in a high density urban area, or when a property developer does not want the existing overhead lines (the developer has to pay for the undergrounding). 2. XLPE. 3. Direct bury in ground, with concrete joint bays. 4. If underground...
  3. ema157

    Digikey Alternatives

    You could try www.newark.com.
  4. ema157

    Transformer clearance from Oil containment

    We size the transformer bund to contain a 26.5° oil spray from the top of the tank, radiator, bushing turrets, and the bottom outlet from the conservator. CIGRE brochure 537 says a spray angle of 30° from vertical is commonly used. Looking at your drawing, oil from the radiator could spray...
  5. ema157

    Types of battery used in UPS and Electrical Substations

    We use VRLA banks for 125 V protection in substations, typically either Exide Absolyte GP or Enersys SuperSafe TM.
  6. ema157

    Outdoor Disconnect Switches for use in Europe (IEC) - Suppliers?

    Looks like GE Vernova has 24 kV up to 4000 A, if you are ok with vertical break.
  7. ema157

    Earthing/Grounding of Structures beneath Transmission Lines

    As I believe you are in NZ, you could use the transmission company's service specification 07.23 (Work site and Mobile Plant temporary earthing and equipotential bonding of transmission lines) as a starting point.
  8. ema157

    7/8 - 14 2B

    Class 2B is standard/free fit for internal threads. See here or here.
  9. ema157

    Supply Side and Equipment Grounding Conductors in HV Substation

    I believe multiple single-point grounding can also be called sectionalised single point bonding, please see Figure 2.4 from CIGRE TB 797 below: The sheath voltage limiter is essentially 'open', like a surge arrestor, so only one end of the cable is directly grounded. The sheath/shield is not...
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