There are a couple fo standards relating to penstock design. If you are in Europe there is the CECT reccomendations. However, most companies use the ASCE report on engineering practice No. 79 'Steel Penstocks'. In the ASCE No. 79 table 3-3 there is a list of weld joint reduction values (similar...
There are many methods of estimating fracture toughness from Charpy impact data (but you need to check their limitations). The main standards which cover this in their appendicies are BS 7910 (replaced BS PD 6493) and API RP 579.
It should be noted that these methods generally give you a lower...
I work for the TWI in the UK and they run courses on welding and associated joining technology. You may find something useful at our web site. www.twi.co.uk.