[b]I DONT KNOW IF I IT IS BETTER TO MODEL PRECAST CONCRETE U GIRDER AS A FRAME ELEMENT OR A SHELL ELEMENT AS TO OPTIONS ARE AVAILABLE IN SAP MODULE FOR BRIDGE ????????????
EXISTING WATER WILL LEAD TO DESIGN WATER SECTION ,in case tension flexure towards water
uplift will contribute beside soil reaction in incresing stresses on footing and the own weight of footing will be negligible in value against them