Vertical Reinforcement in exposed face of Wall
Vertical Reinforcement in exposed face of Wall
(OP)
How do you typically design the vertical reinforcement in the exposed face of a wall, when you just have soil in the backside. I have seen the vertical reinforcement in the exposed face of the wall being designed using 10% of the vertical reinforcement in the earth face, but haven't been able to find a reference for this approach. I think another approach would be to just provide vertical steel that meets the minimum reinforcement of flexural members per ACI 318, para. 10.5?
Thanks
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RE: Vertical Reinforcement in exposed face of Wall
If it is a cantilevered wall, again it depends, mostly on the wall thickness. If thin enough, you may want to use only one layer of reinforcement. If it is thick, and you are concerned about vertical restrained shrinkage cracking, the inside face horizontals would need enough verticals to support them during casting of the wall.
On the compression face, using minimum flexural reinforcement is illogical.
RE: Vertical Reinforcement in exposed face of Wall
RE: Vertical Reinforcement in exposed face of Wall
RE: Vertical Reinforcement in exposed face of Wall
14.3.4 — Walls more than 10 in. thick, except basement walls, shall have reinforcement for each direction placed in two layers parallel with faces of wall in accordance with the following:
(a) One layer consisting of not less than one-half and not more than two-thirds of total reinforcement required for each direction shall be placed not less than 2 in. nor more than one-third the thickness of wall from the exterior surface;
(b) The other layer, consisting of the balance of required reinforcement in that direction, shall be placed not less than 3/4 in. nor more than one-third the thickness of wall from the interior surface.
RE: Vertical Reinforcement in exposed face of Wall
14.1.2 — Cantilever retaining walls are designed
according to flexural design provisions of Chapter 10
with minimum horizontal reinforcement according to
14.3.3.
Doug Jenkins
Interactive Design Services
http://newtonexcelbach.wordpress.com/
RE: Vertical Reinforcement in exposed face of Wall
RE: Vertical Reinforcement in exposed face of Wall
Horizontal shrinkage control reinforcement is the sum of the amount on the two faces. If part of it is on the inside face, you need support bars to tie the mat together. Otherwise, there is no requirement for vertical bars on that face.
RE: Vertical Reinforcement in exposed face of Wall
I had different question related to the same topic. When you have a retaining wall with soil backfill and water in the exposed side, such as in the attached sketch (retaining wall/u-frame)would you expect that reinforcement is required on the exposed side (i.e, horizontal force from soil - horizontal force from water, would create a net force that would require steel in the exposed side of the wall, etc.)
I ran a few analysis using the CURFBC program and for the case when I have water to the top of the channel, the results showed that the area of steel required was 0.01 to 0.03 square inch (I know the value is very small, but it is still there). Does this seem appropriate or could there be a glitch in the program?
Thanks