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etchant, CRES, welds

etchant, CRES, welds

etchant, CRES, welds

(OP)
1) The best etchant formula to reveal the weld penetration of 304 stainless steel ?
2) After etching, will the HAZ show up too which confuses the reading for penetration ?
3) The underlining etching mechanics?
thanks.

RE: etchant, CRES, welds

1. Without more details, this is not an easy question. Electroetching with 10 % oxalic acid, Kalling's, Beraha's, Ralph's, and others are all possibilities.
2. Weld metal/fusion zone should be distinct from HAZ after etching.
3. Different mechanisms are present for different etchants. Anodic dissolution of grain boundaries, sulfide film formation, and others are present.

RE: etchant, CRES, welds

Thanks metengr!

Best regards - Al

RE: etchant, CRES, welds

Carbides will only be present if you have high enough carbon and the cooling rate is slow enough.
A light electrolytic etch in 10% oxalic acid will work well, don't over etch.
Most etchants rely on differential attack rates for various phases/orientation/compositions.

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P.E. Metallurgy, Plymouth Tube

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