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How to define local material axis orientation for orthotropic general shell elements?

How to define local material axis orientation for orthotropic general shell elements?

How to define local material axis orientation for orthotropic general shell elements?

(OP)
Good day to everyone,

I´m new at this forum and my english is not the best, so I apologise for that.

My question is if you know any book or paper to read about how do finite element engineers define local material axis orientation for orthotropic general shell elements. It means that the shell element can have different thickness through the element and it can have doubly curved geometry, being warped or have its nodes lying on different planes. I´m thinking about MITC4 multilayered shell element. Doing this with uniform thickness for every layer and with all 4 nodes on the same plane is relatively easy, but I wonder how engineers define principal material directions when non-uniform thickness and warping must be considered.

Thanks in advance for your replies.

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