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Pardal, Just treat this like a gear problem but use a factor of about .700 for the Y factor in the Lewis equation as a starter. Then try some typical module spline information to maximize the major diameter of the shaft spline. The major diameter of the internal spline will be the same plus some clearance to allow these to interface.
Pardal, The Lewis equation is basically Wn = Sby/Diametral Pitch (Pounds) S = Allowable Max Stress (PSI) 150 x the BHN for a rough approximation of PSI b = facewidth of the gear Y factor published many places y x pi = Y some publications list small y for circular pitch gears. I have not seen Y factors for anything greater than 25 degree pressure agles. If Y values are in the .400 range and above the values are Y and not y values. y values will be below .200 in the tables. Wn = Tangential Tooth Load Pounds This would be the max allowable tooth load allowed or permitted for shock conditions. The normal tangential tooth load would be approximately 1/2 this value for good design. practice.
If you are having problems with spline failures you could try a polygon profile (DIN32711). In general you can transfer more torque with a polygon than with a spline.