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Transformed section

Transformed section

Transformed section

(OP)
Dear All

I am working on a transformed section and I have found the attached pdf useful. My only "unknown" is the with the use of (m-1) when assigning a value to the transformed steel-areas. Should (m-1) read 1/m, please?

Regards

RE: Transformed section

Please re-upload the attachment, it seems it doesn't open.

RE: Transformed section

It won't open. How is "m" derived?

Michael.
Timing has a lot to do with the outcome of a rain dance.

RE: Transformed section

The attachment won't open for me either, but I believe (m-1) refers to the modular ratio between steel and concrete less the area of concrete displaced by the steel.  The value of (m-1) is used only when the steel is in compression.  When in tension, use m.

BA

RE: Transformed section

m is the ratio of the steel modulus to the concrete modulus.  When doing transformed sections m is used to "transform" the steel area into equivalent concrete area.  The reason for the m-1 is that when the steel area is expanded in an un-cracked section the steel area inside the concrete needs to be subtracted.

As(m-1) = As*m - As

As*m = expanded steel
-As = subtracted steel area

If the section is cracked than no subtraction is needed and the term is just

As*m

RE: Transformed section

(OP)
Thanks

I should have expanded the bracket and I may have seen that.

Thanks for all your help.

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