How to Explain von Mises?
How to Explain von Mises?
(OP)
I am incoperating customer comments into a calculation. The calculation was done in a FEA program using von Mises. The purpose of the calcuation was to show that the mounting brackets attaching directly to the walls were of sufficient desing to handle the applied loads. The reviewer is a structural engineer who is use to seeing these calculations done according to allowable tension, bending, flexure and shear. I am having trouble explaning the concept of von Mises. Any help in relating the two to one another would be helpful. Thanks





RE: How to Explain von Mises?
Simply put: "The Von Mises yield criteria is a means of predicting yielding in ductile metals under combined loading."
More depth: "The Von Mises yield criteria predicts yielding occurs when the elastic distortion energy in a material reaches a critical value."
Really confuse him: "The Von Mises yield criteria suggests that the yielding of materials begins when the second deviatoric stress invariant reaches a critical value."
RE: How to Explain von Mises?
RE: How to Explain von Mises?
What I keep getting back from him is "The allowable Bending and Shear stress is lower than the allowable Tension. Therefor how can I use the allowable tension to justify all forms of loading.
Thanks
RE: How to Explain von Mises?
RE: How to Explain von Mises?
Hi RoboDroid
Why not ask him to clarify his point.
desertfox
RE: How to Explain von Mises?
The same FEA analysis that gave you the Von Misses stress can give you the maximum tensile, compressive and shear stresses in the structure instead just the Von Misses stress (which in fact is calculated from those values).
RE: How to Explain von Mises?
It has more relevance to planar sections such as plates or membranes, but can be used to isolate critical stress considerations in flanges or webs of beams, independently; or more commonly, a bolted plate or bracket.
RE: How to Explain von Mises?
Thanks for the insight.
So how would you address his following question of von Mises.
"The allowable Bending and Shear stress is lower than the allowable Tension. Therefor how can I use the allowable tension to justify all forms of loading."
Thanks
RE: How to Explain von Mises?
Look at the von Mises results in a uni-directional or bi-directional case and compare those to allowables. The structural engineer will better understand those as they compare directly to what normally checks.
Post a photo or sketch of the bracket and maybe that will help us to give you a better idea of how to present your results.
Ron
RE: How to Explain von Mises?
Chris
www.value-design-consulting.co.uk
RE: How to Explain von Mises?
It has occured to me that if someone is waving FEA calculated stresses in my face, I can ask them to explain Von Mises stress to me. This would be a good way to weed out CAD operators. Could it be that your reviewer is just verifying that you know what you are talking about?
I wish I understood Von Mises better. Reading up on it again is one of my rainy day projects.
RE: How to Explain von Mises?
In my experience, engineers sometimes seem to forget that material failures cannot be calculated to the umpteenth decimal place. It is a statistical phenomenon because of too many untractable variables in the microstructure: flaws, inclusions, chemical segregations, surface scratches, etc. The best we have to go on are empirically failure theories. In 1913, Professor von Mises came up with a pretty good one. It predicts yielding, not catastrophic failure.
I think of the VM criteria as relating 3-d loading back to a uniaxial condition. Plug in the 6 components of the stress tensor into the VM equation. [Turn the crank] If the result is less than the yield stress obtained in a unaxial tensile test (i.e. the YS widely published in tables), you're probably good to go. I believe FEA software does this for the thousand or so points in the grid, assigns colors, etc. There are other failure criteria such as the Tresca, which are easier to use if you are doing manual calcs and more conservative; also the Lundborg. (BTW, for plasticity, there is the Levy-Mises theory.) I haven't seen the others used that often in practice.
RE: How to Explain von Mises?
Von Mises is a principle stress, that is, wall element stress with shear removed. We do this in a Mohr's Circle computation where rotation of the element is brought into the principle plane in the absence of shear.
Tresca concerns the shear phenonema.
Kenneth J Hueston, PEng
Principal
Sturni-Hueston Engineering Inc
Edmonton, Alberta Canada
RE: How to Explain von Mises?
1) From any stress distribution you can of course derive the principal stresses, this has nothing to do with the failure criterion
2) vonMises and Tresca (besides others) are simply two alternative failure criteria, they give hopefully quite close results for any stress pattern, the choice between them being normally dictated by the applicable code
3) All failure criteria, as the name implies, are based on an hypothesis on what type of derived stress component will cause failure when attaining a limit value
4) vonMises is also called the criterion of the maximum octahedral shear stress, so it also concerns shear phenomena! For this criterion the derived stress component is what is called the combined shear stress of vonMises, also called the quadratic invariant or the octahedral shear stress of Ros-Eichinger (names change, but the result is always the same)
5) For Tresca's criterion the derived stress component is the maximum shear stress
6) To visualize the relationship between the two criteria, one can observe that, in the space of the principal stresses, for vonMises the locus of the acceptable stress states is a circular cylinder (Wikipedia), and for Tresca is an hexagonal cylinder, the hexagon being inscribed in the circle. So the two will give, as necessary, quite close results, and one could say that Tresca is safer than vonMises (though this is a completely different debate).
prex
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