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Forging Ratio

Forging Ratio

Forging Ratio

(OP)
Is there a set method to combine the forging ratios for cumulative forging processes? I.E. if there are several forging steps taken, how do I combine the reduction ratios from each step to get the total reduction ration to report?  

RE: Forging Ratio

Strain is additive, so total strain εN, incremental strain εi, and number of steps N are related:

εN = N · εi

reduction r is related to initial area A0 and final area A, regardless of number of steps, by:

r = (A0-A)/A

and reduction ratio RR for a single step is

RR = A0/A = exp (εi)

or for multiple steps

RR = A0/A = exp (N · εi)

RE: Forging Ratio

(OP)
So if I start with material that has a HWRR of 5.0:1 then I forge the material 1.57:1 and then upset it 1.06:1, how can I know what the total forging reduction ratio is?

RE: Forging Ratio

Reduction Ratios are multiplicative.

If you start with 5:1 forge it 1.57:1 then upset it 1.06:1

= 5*1.57*1.06 = 8.3:1

rp

RE: Forging Ratio


Hello everybody!

Would the translation of the material have an increment on the forging ratio besides the one coming from the cross-section change?

For example, starting with a cross-section of circular shape and finishing with a ring-shape cross-section (this is, a hole in the middle). Would in that case the forging ratio still be the division of the starting and finishing sections?

I hope I explained myself.

Thanks in advanced.

RE: Forging Ratio

If the strain is not uniform, then translation has an effect.  For, example cylinders that are upset assume uniform strain, but any barreling introduces non-uniform strain that may not be added to subsequent deformation.

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