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pressure pumping to remove other gases from equipment and pipe

pressure pumping to remove other gases from equipment and pipe

pressure pumping to remove other gases from equipment and pipe

(OP)
I'm looking for an engineering approach or calculation to determine the effectiveness of nitrogen pressure pumping to remove air or other gases from equipment and dead ended pipes.  Is there a paper of link to serve as a reference?  By "nitrogen pressure pumping," I mean pressuring with N2 to a certain pressure and depressurizing through the same opening.

Other engineers have said that if the upper pressure is 3X the lower pressure in the cycle, you can assume perfect mixing in the dead ended piping for up to 75 linear ft.  Some have doubted the expansion and contraction in the dead end is energetic enough to mix the line thoroughly.  There is debate on whether stagnate diffusion is significant or not.  No one so far has produced a document or reference.

Sure it is more effective to sweep long pipe lines from one end to the other instead of pressure pumping, but there is the trade off of higher cost for valves and fittings and fugitive emmision points.

similar too...
thread135-15647: Nitrogen Purge Rates For "Atmospheric" Vessels
thread135-161047: Tank Purging Calculations

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